Financial Exercises 2: PV and Annuity: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

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''by Clemens Werkmeister''
''by Clemens Werkmeister''


 
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=== 1. [[Kapitalwert|Final value and present value]] ===  
=== 1. [[Kapitalwert|Final value and present value]] ===  
Pauline Miller has invested 1,000 € in securities that have a return of 5 % and can be sold – partially or completely – now or at the end of any year. <br/>
Pauline Miller has invested 1.000 € in securities that have a return of 5 % and can be sold – partially or completely – now or at the end of any year. <br/>
a. Calculate the final value of the securities investment after two years.<br/>
a. Calculate the final value of the securities investment after two years.<br/>
b. Pauline is offered the opportunity to invest 700 € in project A. The expected cash flows are 450 € in year 1 and 400 € in year 2. Calculate the value of Pauline’s assets at the end of year 2 if she transfers part of her securities investment to project A. Compare it to the securities-only investment.<br/>
b. Pauline is offered the opportunity to invest 700 € in project A. The expected cash flows are 450 € in year 1 and 400 € in year 2. Calculate the value of Pauline’s assets at the end of year 2 if she transfers part of her securities investment to project A. Compare it to the securities-only investment.<br/>
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=== 2. Perpetuities ===
=== 2. Perpetuities ===
a. What is the present value of a perpetuity of 10,000 €/year at a discount rate of 7 €? <br/>
a. What is the present value of a perpetuity of 10.000 €/year at a discount rate of 7 €? <br/>
b. What happens if the discount rate decreases to 6 % (best case) or increases to 8 % (worst case)?<br/>
b. What happens if the discount rate decreases to 6 % (best case) or increases to 8 % (worst case)?<br/>
c. What is the discount rate that corresponds to a present value of 150,000 €?<br/>
c. What is the discount rate that corresponds to a present value of 150.000 €?<br/>


=== 3. Growing perpetuities ===
=== 3. Growing perpetuities ===
a. An investment is expected to pay returns that start with 1,000 € in year 1 and later increase by 5 % per year. What is the present value of that investment assuming a discount rate of 10 %? <br/>
a. An investment is expected to pay returns that start with 1.000 € in year 1 and later increase by 5 % per year. What is the present value of that investment assuming a discount rate of 10 %? <br/>
b. What happens to the present value if the payment of the first return is delayed until year 3?<br/>
b. What happens to the present value if the payment of the first return is delayed until year 3?<br/>


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=== 5. Growing annuities ===
=== 5. Growing annuities ===
After retirement, you expect to live for 30 years and would like to have 50,000 € income each year. <br/>
After retirement, you expect to live for 30 years and would like to have 50.000 € income each year. <br/>
a. How much should you have saved in your retirement plan, if the plan assumes an interest rate of 6 %?<br/>
a. How much should you have saved in your retirement plan, if the plan assumes an interest rate of 6 %?<br/>
b. What are the necessary savings if you want the annual income to increase by 2 % per year?<br/>
b. What are the necessary savings if you want the annual income to increase by 2 % per year?<br/>
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=== 6. Growing annuities ===
=== 6. Growing annuities ===
You plan to retire in 40 years and expect to need 800,000 € for living after retirement.<br/>
You plan to retire in 40 years and expect to need 800.000 € for living after retirement.<br/>
a. How much would you need to save per year to achieve this goal? Assume an interest rate of 6 %.<br/>
a. How much would you need to save per year to achieve this goal? Assume an interest rate of 6 %.<br/>
b. What happens if the interest rate drops to 5 %?<br/>
b. What happens if the interest rate drops to 5 %?<br/>
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=== 7. Mortgage payments ===
=== 7. Mortgage payments ===
Laureen Hardy has taken a 300,000 € mortgage on her appartment at an interest rate of 5 %. The mortgage calls for 15 equal annual payments, what is the amount of each payment?<br/>
Laureen Hardy has taken a 300.000 € mortgage on her appartment at an interest rate of 5 %. The mortgage calls for 15 equal annual payments, what is the amount of each payment?<br/>
a. How much would you need to save per year to achieve this goal? Assume an interest rate of 6 %.<br/>
a. How much would you need to save per year to achieve this goal? Assume an interest rate of 6 %.<br/>
b. Demonstrate the development of amortization and interest payments for the mortgage. How much is the amortization in year 1?<br/>
b. Demonstrate the development of amortization and interest payments for the mortgage. How much is the amortization in year 1?<br/>
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References:<br/>
References:<br/>
For some useful formulae you might have a look at our [[Financial Resources Formulary]].<br/>
For some useful formulae you might have a look at our [[Financial Resources Formulary]].<br/>
For further exercises we suggest  
For further exercises we suggest our [[Financial Exercises]].<br/>
- [[Financial Exercises 1: Calculations of interest]].<br/>
- [[Financial Exercises 3: NPV and IRR]].<br/>
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